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407029 |
| Дата создания |
2018 |
| Страниц |
35
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Описание
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Содержание
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………...
CHAPTER 1. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND………………………………….
1.1 What is pronunciation and what is an accent………………………………….
1.2 Methods and approaches of teaching pronunciation…………………………..
1.3 The importance of teaching pronunciation…………………………………….
CHAPTER 2. EMPIRICAL STUDY………………………………………………..
2.1 Background information on the vowel systems of English, Russian………….
2.2 The comparison of Russian and English sound systems and some pronunciation mistakes of Russian learners……………………………………….
2.3 The research project of activities carried out in class ………………………...
CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………...
LIST OF REFERENCES……………………………………………………………
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS……………………………………………………….
APPENDIX 1. Spectrograms of the English, Russian and Estonianvowels……….
Введение
INTRODUCTION
The role of the English language in the contemporary world has significantly changed over the last decades. In the new millennium it has become one of the most important means of international communication. The English language has become not only the language of the world community, which means that all nations can communicate with each other by means of English but also the means of scientific progress, which is extremely vital. English has become a lingua franca of the contemporary world. This means a growing number of exchanges between native speakers and foreign users as well as between non-natives with different first language backgrounds. These users have various degrees of competence resulting from their different goals and aspirations. As regards the phonetic level of the language some strive to sound like native speakers for professional reasons. Others have a strictly practical goal, treating pronunciation merely as a vehicle for getting their message across without hindrance.
The pronunciation of the Russian sounds has very specific features in comparison with the English sounds and that fact hinders the understanding of the English spoken by Russians. Consequently, according to Gilakjani (2012), “/…/ teaching pronunciation should be a priority because language is primarily a means of communication and this communication should be understood by all. If one does not strive for a common pronunciation, one runs the risk of not being understood by the target audience“. It can be frustrating and demotivating for students if they have repeated experiences where communication breaks down because of problems with their English pronunciation. This is perhaps especially true for those who have a good command of other aspects of language such as vocabulary and grammar.
The subject of this work is the English pronunciation and difficulties that occur while mastering it.
The object of this work is the common mistakes that Russian-speaking students do in mastering English pronunciation.
The aim of this paper lays in how Russian learners can perceive the front fully open unrounded English [æ] and the mixed mid-open unrounded long English [ɜ:] and improve their pronunciation skills concerning the abovementioned sounds. This choice has been made due to the frequent misunderstanding and misuse of those vowels. Furthermore, the paper is concerned with the perception and identification of the three following vowel contrasts [i:] / [i], [ɔ:] / [ɒ] and [ u:] / [u] as the length of vowels is not phonemic in the Russian language. The paper investigated how Russian learners can identify, and whether the identification and production of sounds help Russian students identify and produce English vowels.
To fulfill the aim of this work the following tasks occur:
To decide what is pronunciation and what is an accent;
To analyze the methods and approaches of teaching pronunciation;
To understand the importance of teaching pronunciation;
To get background information on the vowel systems of English, Russian;
To make the comparison of Russian and English sound systems and some pronunciation mistakes of Russian learners;
To present the research project of activities carried out in class.
The structure of the present paper is organized into two main chapters. The first chapter provides theoretical background of the research. The subchapter 1.1 gives the definition of pronunciation and accent. The subchapter 1.2 provides a theoretical overview of different approaches to teaching English pronunciation in the past and present, subchapter 1.3 highlights the importance of teaching pronunciation. The second chapter in the subchapters 2.1 and 2.2 gives the brief background information on the languages and the comparison of the Russian, English vowel, containing the common mistakes in mastering English for Russian learners
Список литературы
LIST OF REFERENCES
1. Abayasekara, Dilip. n.d. // Pronunciation Secrets for Non-native English Speakers// LookWiser /http:/www.speedspeak.com/index.php?option=com/, November 20, 2012.
2. Brown H. // Principles of language learning and teaching// New York: Pearson Education./ 2000. - p.365
3. Brown, Adam. // 1991 Pronunciation Models//. Singapore University Press. Книги. / http://www.books.google.ee/, November 3, 2013. 112
4. Cook, Vivian.// Second language learning and language teaching.// Third edition. London, 2001/ 47-48.
5. Corrigan, Erin. Music 101: // The Key to Pronunciation and Accent Reduction // PRWeb 2005. /http://www.prweb.com/releases/.../prweb288646.htm/ October 12, 2013.
6. Dalton D. // Some techniques for teaching pronunciation//. The Internet TESOL Journal, Vol. III, No. 1, January. Retrieved on 14 October, 2004, from /http://iteslj.org/Techniques/Dalton-Pronunciation.html/
7. Derwing, Tracey M. 2010. // Utopian goals for pronunciation teaching. Utopian Goals for Pronunciation Teaching //. /http://www.google.ee/url TESL/Applied Linguistics , accessed December 25, 2013.
8. Fraser H. (1999). ESL pronunciation teaching: Could it be more effective? Australian Language Matters, 7 (4). Retrieved on 14 October, 2004. - p. 136
9. Fraser, Helen. 2001. // Teaching Pronunciation// : A handbook for teachers 2001. /http://www.helenfraser.com/, accessed July 12, 2012.
10. Gilakjani, Abbas Pourhosein. 2010. The Significance of Pronunciation in English Language Teaching. Available at http:// www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/elt/article/, accessed November 10, 2013.
11. Gilbert, Judy B. 2008. // Teaching Pronunciation Using Prosody Pyramid. // Cambridge University Press. /http://www.Gilbert Teaching Pronunciation. Cambridge University Press// , accessed June 5, 2012.
12. Gimson, Alfred C. // An Introduction to the Pronunciation of English//. Third Edition. Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd., London 1981.
13. Gordon, Joshua. 2012.// Extra-linguistic factors in the teaching and learning of pronunciation in an ESL class//. Available at /http://www.PRONUNCIATION TEACHING/., accessed June 6,2012.
14. Gupta, Anthea Fraser. (n. d.)// Accents. Available at /http://www. Accents - LINGUIST List linguistlist.org/ask-ling/accent. cfm,accessed December 24,2013.
15. Hammond R. M // Foreign accent and phonetic interference: The application of linguistic research to the teaching of second language pronunciation//. Ed. Eckman, P. Second Language Acquisition: Theory and Pedagogy. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 1995. - p. 260
16. Harmer, Jeremy.// The Practice of English Language Teaching.// Longman. 2001
17. Hewings, Martin.// Pronunciation Practice Activities//. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2004.
18. Jones, Daniel. 2002. // Selected works. An English Pronouncing Collins, Beverley,Mees, Inger /M. Dictionary.// Volume 3. Available at http://www.books.google.ee/, accessed February 2, 2014.
19. Jones, Daniel. // An outline of English phonetics//. Cambridge University Press Ninth edition 1978.
20. Levis, John M. 2005. // Changing Contexts and Shifting paradigms in Pronunciation Teaching//. In TESOL Quarterly. Vol. 39, No.3. Available at /http://www. QUARTERLY/, accessed December 24, 2013.
21. Makarova, Aleksandra. 2010. //Acquisition of Three Vowel Contrasts by Russian Speaker of America.// English Dissertation Harward University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
http://www.udini.proquest.com/account/activate.html?token=b2ecd208-9c65-42ab-8884-a10eb27396c0, accessed January 2,2014.
22. Mutt, Oleg. //An Introduction to English Phonetics for the Estonian Learner. // Tartu University Press 1965.
23. Pardo, Dario Barrera. 2004. //Can Pronunciation Be Taught?.// A Review of Research and Implications for Teaching. /http://www. publicaciones.ua.es/.../02144808RD22945419/ , accessed June 4, 2012, p 6-7.
24. Pennington, M.C., // Phonology in English Language Teaching,// Addison Wesley Longman, Essex, U.K., 1996. - p. 301
25. Yates, Lynda and Bert. Zielinski. 2009. //Give it a go: Teaching Pronunciation to Adults //- Available at /http://www.ameprc.mq.edu.au/__data/assets/... / accessed January 2, 2014.
26. Бонк, Наталья, Галина Котий, и Наталья Лукьянова. // Учебник английского языка в 2-х частях.// Ч. 1. Иваново: Фора, 1994.
27. Дудников, Александр. // Современный русский язык.// Москва: Высшая школа, 1990.
28. Панов, Михаил.// Русская фонетика.// Москва: Издательство Просвещение, 1967.
29. Петрова, Анастасия. //Самоучитель английского языка. // Москва: Высшая школа, 1990
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