Рекомендуемая категория для самостоятельной подготовки:
Реферат*
| Код |
384314 |
| Дата создания |
2017 |
| Страниц |
17 ( 14 шрифт, полуторный интервал )
|
| Источников |
17 |
|
Файлы
DOCX |
Productivity of Affixation.docx[Word, 32 кб]
|
|
Без ожидания: файлы доступны для скачивания сразу после оплаты.
|
Описание
An affix is a type of morpheme, the smallest unit of a language that contains meaning. In English, there are two types of affixes: prefixes and suffixes. Some morphological rules can be called productive and other rules unproductive or less productive. The notion of productivity is relevant also for the common distinction between inflection and derivation. It is commonly assumed that inflectional processes are fully productive, whereas derivational processes are characterized by varying degrees of productivity, with the majority not being fully productive. What is more, Evaluative affixation is a special subset of derivational morphology in which affixes are attached to bases to form new derivatives that convey a meaning of either size or emotion, in the form of diminutives or augmentative ...
Содержание
Contents 1
Introduction 2
Productivity of Affixation 3
Conclusion 13
Bibliography 15
Введение
Affixation as a way of word-derivation exists during the whole history of the English language and preserves its productivity in the contemporary version of English. It can be proved by the number of words created by such a scheme by use of word-formative affixes. Productivity has been one of the fundamental topics in the field of word-formation in recent decades.
In terms of their formative activity, suffixes and prefixes are divided into productive and non-productive, and another group of “dead” ones stands among the latter. Therefore, the relevance of the given research can be described by two reasons. First of all, language is not fixed and changes constantly due to a wide range of circumstances (sociological and psycholinguistic reasons can be named); as a result, any language underta kes changes which are reflected on every of its levels, which include both morphology and lexicology and word derivation. Secondly, productivity affixes should not be confused with their commonplace and this creates dubious nature of the object.
The subject of the research is affixation in the English language; it can be concluded that the object of the research is productivity of affixation.
According to the subject and object, the aim of the research can be laid down, which is to study productivity of affixation. This aim determines more specific problems of our research:
- to describe affixation and productivity of affixation;
- to look at productivity of affixation in contemporary English;
- to analyse productivity’s functions.
Several research methods were used in the work, namely comparison, description and context analysis. For the theoretic base, works of Ingo Plag, Bauer, J.W.P. Allen, Joshua Albair, Pavol Štekauer et. al. have been analysed.
Фрагмент работы для ознакомления
Список литературы [ всего 17]
1 Adams V. An introduction to English word-formation. - London: Longman, 1973. – 271 p.
2 Allen J.W.P. Degree of productivity differentially affects priming of suffixed words in English. - Theses and Dissertations, 2007. - Paper 960. – 150 p.
3 Albair J. What is the State of Evaluative Affixes in Contemporary English? // Début: the undergraduate journal of languages, linguistics and area studies. – 2010. - Vol 1. - No 1. – Pp. 112-120. [сайт]. – URL: https://www.llas.ac.uk/resourcedownloads/3088/Debut_vol_1_albair.pdf (дата обращения: 10.05.2076).
4 Baayen R.H. A corpus-based approach to morphological productivity: statistical analysis and psycholinguistic interpretation. - Unpublished doctoral dissertation. - Free University of Amsterdam, 1989. – 76 p.
5 Bauer L. English word-formations.- Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983. – 392 p.
6 Bauer L. Morphological Productivity. - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001. [сайт]. – URL: http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~karchung/pubs/Bauer_rev.pdf (дата обращения: 10.05.2076).
7 Bolinger D. On defining the morpheme // Word. - No 4, 1948. - Pp. 18-23.
8 Clark E., Berman R. Structure and use in the acquisition of word formation // Language. - No 60, 1984. - Pp. 542-590. [сайт]. – URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/413991?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents (дата обращения: 10.05.2076).
9 Clark E., Hecht B. Learning to coin agent and instrument nouns // Cognition. - No 12, 1982. – Pp. 1-24.
10 Charvátová E. Morphological productivity of selected word-formation processes. Master’s Diploma Thesis. - Masaryk University, 2013. – 157 p.
11 Chomsky N. Remarks on Nominalization // Jacobs, Roderick A. / Rosenbaum, Peter S. (eds.), Readings in English Transformational Grammar. - Waltham, MA: Ginn, 1970. – Pp. 184-221.
12 Dossena M. Diminutives in Scottish Standard English: A Case for ‘Comparative Linguistics’? // Scottish Language. – No 17, 1998. - Pp. 22-39.
13 Haspelmath M. Understanding morphology. - London: Arnold, 2002. [сайт]. – URL: http://morphology.xyz/pdf/HaspelmathSims2010.pdf (дата обращения: 10.05.2076).
14 Liu W., Shen H. A Corpus-based Analysis of English Suffix –esque // Theory and Practice in Language Studies. – April, 2012. - Vol. 2, No. 4. - Pp. 767-772. [сайт]. – URL: http://www.academypublication.com/issues/past/tpls/vol02/04/17.pdf (дата обращения: 10.05.2076).
15 Plag I. Handbook of English Linguistics. - McMahon. Oxford: Blackwell, 2003 [сайт]. – URL: http://www2.uni-siegen.de/~engspra/Papers/Morphology/contribution-plag.pdf (дата обращения: 10.05.2076).
16 Spencer A. Morphological theory: An introduction to word structure in generative grammar. - Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. – 279 p.
17 Štekauer P. Word-formation as creativity within productivity Constraints: Sociolinguistic Evidence // Onomasiology Online. – No 6, 2005. – Pp. 1-55. [сайт]. – URL: http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.92.9286&rep=rep1&type=pdf (дата обращения: 10.05.2076).
Пожалуйста, внимательно изучайте содержание и фрагменты работы. Деньги за приобретённые готовые работы по причине несоответствия данной работы вашим требованиям или её уникальности не возвращаются.
* Категория работы носит оценочный характер в соответствии с качественными и количественными параметрами предоставляемого материала. Данный материал ни целиком, ни любая из его частей не является готовым научным трудом, выпускной квалификационной работой, научным докладом или иной работой, предусмотренной государственной системой научной аттестации или необходимой для прохождения промежуточной или итоговой аттестации. Данный материал представляет собой субъективный результат обработки, структурирования и форматирования собранной его автором информации и предназначен, прежде всего, для использования в качестве источника для самостоятельной подготовки работы указанной тематики.
bmt: 0.00655