NON-PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS AND THEIR ROLE IN SOCIETY

Indicators of formation of civil society in modern Russia-based initiatives "from below", is the composition of non-profit organizations (NPOs), the degree of integration of the population around their activities, the scope and nature of social capital NCOs.
In the article the analysis of problems of social integration in modern Russia, examines its structural characteristics. With the author's positions, the role of nonprofit organizations in fostering social integration of the population.
Keywords: non-profit organizations, social integration of the population, civil society, citizenship and patriotism.
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However, it is important to recognize that in the considered setting two priority national tasks, the solution of which will certainly impact on the social well-being, recognizes the conjugation of organic production growth and welfare improvement.
State regulation in any sphere of the economy as a starting point involves the formulation of objectives, development objectives and means of achieving them.
The main purpose of State regulation of quality of life is to provide a process of forming the optimal structure of needs, promote self-development, the preservation of health, the spiritual development of man, and in the creation of organizational, legal and financial conditions for their satisfaction, which is directly used in the formation of civic consciousness.
Non-profit organizations(NPOs) is a General term for a variety of public associations of citizens on the basis of common interest in various spheres of public life [1].
The role of NGOs is not limited to participation in the solution of internal problems of the country. NGOs are part of international cooperation. In accordance with the Oxford encyclopedia under a non-governmental organization or NGO (NGO) at the international level refers to the organization, "consisting of non-official representatives of States that distinguishes them from international governmental organizations" [2]. Researchers refer to such organizations patterns of interstate cooperation in various fields, such as religious organizations, scientists, legal, youth, sports organizations and non-Governmental organizations etc. have different objectives. The most powerful of them — the major trade Union Federation, world Federation of trade unions, international Confederation of free trade unions, international Confederation of Christian trade unions. Non-profit organization within the individual States "form a separate sector called "third sector". "The third sector" is a concept generalizing the entire range of existing non-profit organizations. In some countries they are called non-governmental, other public, in the third, voluntary, charitable, non-profit. The "sector model" of society comes from the economic criteria and divides all entities that participate in the creation of gross national product, into four categories. The criterion is the main source of income for the organization's development: the first sector — government organizations. The primary source of funds for development — taxes; the second sector is the business. The primary source of funds for the development profits.
Third sector — non-profits non-profit organization. The primary source of funds for development — donations; the fourth sector of the household. The primary source of funds for the development of self — exploitation of family members.

Problems of formation and development of civil society is fundamentally interrelated with the social policies of the state. The state often acts as a tool to regulate the quality of life of civil society.
Launched in early 90-ies of transformation now embraced the social sphere. Reform, of course, is necessary – if only because the Soviet legacy of social mechanisms do not meet they which are intensively market-capitalist relations.
As you know, in the latest strategic installations are primarily accelerated GDP growth and poverty reduction. It appears, however, that these are, indeed, relevant tasks should be specified.
Given the unprecedented post-Soviet slump, "doubling the GDP" in a relatively short time, of course, necessary but not in itself and in unity with positive structural sh ifts in the economy [3].
Poverty reduction is also an important task. However hard her accent to some extent disorienting in relation to the main direction of growth of welfare of citizens. As is known, to reduce poverty and the increase in benefits and compensation, that is, of course, you must do so, for both those, and others are at a low enough level. But the main thing is different – the creation of employment and increase the incomes of the working population, to strengthen the incentives for productivity growth and production in General

Non-profit social organization, or as they are called civic organization, has occupied a certain position in the social structure and play inherent in the role.Russian non-profit organizations have the right to engage in entrepreneurial activities to the extent necessary to perform their statutory goals. From the point of view of social policy, NGOs can be a serious addition in the solution of particular problems in the areas of health, education, spiritual education, sports, culture, nature.According to the characteristics of activities of NGOs in Russia, most of the organizations up to 15% — are engaged in human rights protection. About 14% have specialised in providing various forms of assistance to children and youth, 10% work with people with disabilities. Sport and tourism and art and culture engaged an equal number of organizations (8 %), 7 % is focused on the ecology, 6% is a purely charitable organization, 5% are NGOs involved in research and education, and provides assistance to independent trade unions. Thus, for example, the specific region we see: the sector of non-profit organizations is not the last city resource and in terms of service provision and as a means of social adaptation of citizens, the channel for the manifestation of their activity, a tool for the articulation and protection of rights and interests.Economic functions of non-profit organizations closely associated with entrepreneurial activity, which helps to implement the social functions of non-profit organizations.In view of the insufficient resource base of non-profit organizations and the inability of its formation in full before non-profit organizations have the task of finding other sources of financing, among which the most feasible looks today own entrepreneurial activity.The need for active entrepreneurship is a rather painful process, because nonprofit organizations have to expand their mission not only through social programs, but also through commercial projects. They have to offer their products to consumers who are willing to pay, but only if it is of high quality.Thus, the products of a nonprofit organization must adapt to new conditions of implementation.Cooperation initially emerged as a socio-economic mechanism of regulation of contradictions and inevitable costs of a market economy.In modern Russia the process of social integration is facing difficulties due to the distrust of citizens, their tendency towards state paternalism, lack of developed channels of social communication. Social integration is an indicator of the state of civil society-based initiatives "from below"; it is the amount and composition of non-profit organizations (NPOs) affect the strengthening of the cohesion of the population.The analysis is built on the basis of generalization of results of the national studies, as well as complex data author's sociological research, including a survey of leaders of nonprofit organizations (n = 100, 2013); interviews with representatives of authorities, business, mass media (n = 40, 2014.); a mass survey of the population of the Ulyanovsk region (n = 1230, 2013-2014). The problem is investigated from the standpoint of the communicative approach, which allows to study the process of integration of social actors that influence the development of civil society; opens the channels of networking non-profit organizations.A significant contribution to the study of social integration of the population has made sociologists F. Giddings (the degree of cohesion from the mentality of the nation), J. Drewnowski (methodology for the measurement of public welfare), E. Durkheim (the ratio of the level of criminalization of society and of social solidarity), G. Zimmer (group cohesion as a result of the conflict), L. Coser (degree of social cohesion and conflict), R. Reddy (evolution cohesion), A. sen (the concept of well-being and quality of life ("the approach of potential opportunities"), K. Schmitt (the state as a form galitskoy political cohesion of the nation), Atkins (indicators of social integration in Europe).In Russia this problem has been actively studied since the late twentieth century due to the rapidly increasing differentiation of Russian society in the face of increasing economic, territorial, informational inequalities. The solution to the problem of social integration represented in the works of G. Antinovel (social cohesion of the Russian society), M. Nikolayev (the problem of disintegration of the Russians), V. Roik (social exclusion as a factor of disintegration). Theoretical background to the development of sociological themes of social integration, understanding of ways of forming a solidary society in modern Russia, founded in the works of L. Ionin, V. Radaev, A. Filippov, O. Shkaratan, V. Yarskaya, etc.In General, social integration is, first, to unite people on the basis of the existence of shared values and interdependence, and secondly, to the emergence of interpersonal relations, and practices of interaction, mutual adaptation between social groups and integrated individuals [8]. The level of integration, from the point of view of the theory of solidarity is determined by the degree experienced by the individual sense of belonging to a social group or group on the basis of shared norms, values, beliefs [9].Social integration acts as an initial stage in the formation of solidarity in society, which makes its societal value. The process of integration of the population in a society of solidarity is a uniting of separate parts and elements of the system on the basis of their interdependence and complementarity. The problem of improving the quality of relationships in the ranking of social problems of Russia stands on the same level as the problem of improving the quality of life.There are three levels on which are formed a relationship of trust and social integration: the level of the collective (labour associations); local community; regional and national society.