Контрольная работа по английскому языку СПбГТУРП

Контрольная работа по английскому языку для экономический специальностей СПбГТУРП

Контрольное задание 1 Вариант № 3

Упражнение № 1. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода определений, выраженных именем существительным (цепочка существительных) и стоящих перед определяемым существительным (левое определение).
1) Roy Smith is a long-distance lorry driver for a road transport company.
2) The transport manager talks to the driver about the journey.
Упражнение № 2. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода различных степеней сравнения прилагательных и наречий.
1) The most important kinds of formal letters are enquiries, offers and orders.
2) Because the shops are small, they are easier and cheaper to operate.
3) ...

Контрольное задание 1 Вариант № 3

Упражнение № 1. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода определений, выраженных именем существительным (цепочка существительных) и стоящих перед определяемым существительным (левое определение).
1) Roy Smith is a long-distance lorry driver for a road transport company.
2) The transport manager talks to the driver about the journey.
Упражнение № 2. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода различных степеней сравнения прилагательных и наречий.
1) The most important kinds of formal letters are enquiries, offers and orders.
2) Because the shops are small, they are easier and cheaper to operate.
3) These stores were less successful.
4) The larger is the quantity which the retailercan buy from the wholesaler the lower is the price.
Упражнение № 3. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода слов it, one (one’s), that, these, those в разных значениях.
1) Among the companies that published their annual reports is the N.S. company.
2) The small shops are easier to operate than those of larger owners.
3) It takes a few days for the document to arrive.
4) The use of one’s resources for the production of drugs is prohibited by law.
Упражнения № 4. Перепишите предложения, определите в них временные формы глаголов, укажите их инфинитивы. Предложения переведите. 1) As soon as we had installed the new line, productivity went up. 2) Have you chosen an advertising agency yet? 3) Changes in the rate of interest on government securities will often affect share prices. 4) Economic conditions are changing all the time. 5) They usually hold their European meeting in Paris.
Упражнение № 5. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Предложения переведите.
1) These stores are to be closed with a great loss.
2) We would be glad to have you as our customers.
3) They can use all the information.
Упражнение № 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.
What is a retailer?
1) The word “retail” comes from an old French word retailler – to “cut again”, and this describes exactly what a retailer does. He buys large quantities of goods from a

wholesaler – whole cheeses, whole lambs, large bags of sugar and so on – “cuts” them into smaller quantities and resells them to the consumer at a profit.
2) A hundred years ago the traditional type of shops were small shops owned and run by one or two men and their families, full of lovely old cheeses, bacon and large bags of flour. The small corner shop still exists today, but it is no longer the most important type of shop. Shops have become bigger (and less personal). In the high street we now find self-service supermarkets and chain stores; away from the town centers, even many corner shops are “multiples” – that is, they belong to a large group of shops although they still have the old owner’s name over the door. Outside the town itself, there are hypermarkets with their large car-parks. They sell everything and their prices are often lower because they do not have to pay the high rents of the high street shops.
Упражнение № 7. Выпишите из второго абзаца прилагательные, укажите три степени сравнения и переведите их.
Упражнение № 8. Прочитайте первый абзац, ответьте на вопрос:
What does a retailer do?

1. Bills of exchange
A bill of exchange is an order from one person to another to pay a certain amount at a certain time. The money can be paid either to the person who gave the order or to a third party. Bills of exchange can be used for either domestic or foreign trade.
A payment transaction made by bill of exchange generally proceeds the following way. The drawer makes out the bill of exchange and sends it to the drawee (the person who has to pay it). He may send two copies (the first and second bill of exchange) in case one gets lost.
The drawee has to accept one of the bills by signing the front of it. If two copies are sent, the copy which the drawee does not sign automatically becomes invalid. A bill of exchange which hasn’t yet been accepted is called a draft; an accepted bill of exchange is called an acceptance.
The drawee then sends the accepted bill of exchange to the payee, who may be the drawer or a third party. At maturity (the date on which the bill of exchange has to be paid), the payee presents the bill for payment and gets his money. The payee can also negotiate the bill of exchange, but has to endorse it first.
Each bill of exchange belongs to a certain category, depending on the time at which it matures (has to be paid). A sight bill includes the words “Pay at sight”. The drawee has to pay as soon as the draft is presented (as soon as he sees it).

2. Letter of credit
A letter of credit is a promise made by the buyer’s bank to send a certain sum of money to the sellers bank to be credited to the seller provided he fulfils his part of the sales contract.
The types of letter of credit are the following. A revocable letter of credit can be cancelled or changed without seller’s agreement. As this does not offer the seller much control over payment, this type of letter of credit is rarely used. An irrevocable letter of credit can be cancelled or changed, but only with the agreement of all parties. A confirmed letter of credit is always irrevocable.
If the seller feels that the risk of not receiving payment is still to high, for example, because the buyer’s country’s economy is unstable, he can arrange for a bank in his own country to confirm the letter of credit. This means that the seller will receive his money from the confirming bank, regardless of whether or not his invoice is paid in the buyer’s country.
First when paying letter of credit buyer and seller agree on all terms and conditions of the sales contract. The buyer fills out an application form to open a letter of credit at his bank. The buyer’s bank opens the letter of credit and sends it to the seller’s bank. The seller’s bank tells the seller that the letter of credit has been opened. The seller checks that all the terms and conditions are correctly listed in the letter of credit and collects all the necessary transport documents. He gives the transport documents to his bank and can get his money now if the letter of credit is confirmed. The seller’s bank checks that all the documents are correct and sends them to the buyer’s bank. The buyer’s bank in its turn checks the documents again and sends the payment to the seller’s shipping documents in return. With these he can collect the goods from the carrier in his country.

3. Sales contract
The sales contract is the agreement reached by the seller and the buyer (the parties to the contract). It can be made orally or in writing, although it is usual for the contract to be drawn up in writing to prevent disputes.
Sellers tend to make firm offers when trading in goods where the prices fluctuate a lot. They set a fixed price and if the buyer does not place an order within the period of time where this price is valid, the offer expires. The seller can then make another offer with new prices to keep up with the prices on the market. In this case, if the buyer is not interested in the goods, he has to return them within a certain period of time; otherwise he will have to pay for them.
After a sales contract has been concluded, the seller and the buyer have to fulfill certain liabilities (that means there are certain things they have to do). The seller’s liabilities are: to deliver goods on time and in perfect condition; to ensure that the title to the goods is transferred to the buyer – in other words the seller has to make sure that the buyer becomes owner of the goods. This is normally done by passing a special document, the document of title, to the buyer. The buyer’s liabilities are: to accept delivery of the goods; to pay for the goods within the time agreed. If one party does not fulfill its liabilities, the contract is broken. In this case the other party (the injured party) can claim compensation.

Контрольное задание 1 Вариант № 3

Упражнение № 1. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода определений, выраженных именем существительным (цепочка существительных) и стоящих перед определяемым существительным (левое определение).
1) Roy Smith is a long-distance lorry driver for a road transport company.
2) The transport manager talks to the driver about the journey.
Упражнение № 2. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода различных степеней сравнения прилагательных и наречий.
1) The most important kinds of formal letters are enquiries, offers and orders.
2) Because the shops are small, they are easier and cheaper to operate.
3) These stores were less successful.
4) The larger is the quantity which the retailer can buy from the wholesaler the lower is the price.
Упражнение № 3. Перепишите предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода слов it, one (one’s), that, these, those в разных значениях.
1) Among the companies that published their annual reports is the N.S. company.
2) The small shops are easier to operate than those of larger owners.
3) It takes a few days for the document to arrive.
4) The use of one’s resources for the production of drugs is prohibited by law.
Упражнения № 4. Перепишите предложения, определите в них временные формы глаголов, укажите их инфинитивы. Предложения переведите. 1) As soon as we had installed the new line, productivity went up. 2) Have you chosen an advertising agency yet? 3) Changes in the rate of interest on government securities will often affect share prices. 4) Economic conditions are changing all the time. 5) They usually hold their European meeting in Paris.
Упражнение № 5. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Предложения переведите.
1) These stores are to be closed with a great loss.
2) We would be glad to have you as our customers.
3) They can use all the information.
Упражнение № 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.
What is a retailer?
1) The word “retail” comes from an old French word retailler – to “cut again”, and this describes exactly what a retailer does. He buys large quantities of goods from a

wholesaler – whole cheeses, whole lambs, large bags of sugar and so on – “cuts” them into smaller quantities and resells them to the consumer at a profit.
2) A hundred years ago the traditional type of shops were small shops owned and run by one or two men and their families, full of lovely old cheeses, bacon and large bags of flour. The small corner shop still exists today, but it is no longer the most important type of shop. Shops have become bigger (and less personal). In the high street we now find self-service supermarkets and chain stores; away from the town centers, even many corner shops are “multiples” – that is, they belong to a large group of shops although they still have the old owner’s name over the door. Outside the town itself, there are hypermarkets with their large car-parks. They sell everything and their prices are often lower because they do not have to pay the high rents of the high street shops.
Упражнение № 7. Выпишите из второго абзаца прилагательные, укажите три степени сравнения и переведите их.
Упражнение № 8. Прочитайте первый абзац, ответьте на вопрос:
What does a retailer do?

1. Bills of exchange
A bill of exchange is an order from one person to another to pay a certain amount at a certain time. The money can be paid either to the person who gave the order or to a third party. Bills of exchange can be used for either domestic or foreign trade.
A payment transaction made by bill of exchange generally proceeds the following way. The drawer makes out the bill of exchange and sends it to the drawee (the person who has to pay it). He may send two copies (the first and second bill of exchange) in case one gets lost.
The drawee has to accept one of the bills by signing the front of it. If two copies are sent, the copy which the drawee does not sign automatically becomes invalid. A bill of exchange which hasn’t yet been accepted is called a draft; an accepted bill of exchange is called an acceptance.
The drawee then sends the accepted bill of exchange to the payee, who may be the drawer or a third party. At maturity (the date on which the bill of exchange has to be paid), the payee presents the bill for payment and gets his money. The payee can also negotiate the bill of exchange, but has to endorse it first.
Each bill of exchange belongs to a certain category, depending on the time at which it matures (has to be paid). A sight bill includes the words “Pay at sight”. The drawee has to pay as soon as the draft is presented (as soon as he sees it).

2. Letter of credit
A letter of credit is a promise made by the buyer’s bank to send a certain sum of money to the sellers bank to be credited to the seller provided he fulfils his part of the sales contract.
The types of letter of credit are the following. A revocable letter of credit can be cancelled or changed without seller’s agreement. As this does not offer the seller much control over payment, this type of letter of credit is rarely used. An irrevocable letter of credit can be cancelled or changed, but only with the agreement of all parties. A confirmed letter of credit is always irrevocable.
If the seller feels that the risk of not receiving payment is still to high, for example, because the buyer’s country’s economy is unstable, he can arrange for a bank in his own country to confirm the letter of credit. This means that the seller will receive his money from the confirming bank, regardless of whether or not his invoice is paid in the buyer’s country.
First when paying letter of credit buyer and seller agree on all terms and conditions of the sales contract. The buyer fills out an application form to open a letter of credit at his bank. The buyer’s bank opens the letter of credit and sends it to the seller’s bank. The seller’s bank tells the seller that the letter of credit has been opened. The seller checks that all the terms and conditions are correctly listed in the letter of credit and collects all the necessary transport documents. He gives the transport documents to his bank and can get his money now if the letter of credit is confirmed. The seller’s bank checks that all the documents are correct and sends them to the buyer’s bank. The buyer’s bank in its turn checks the documents again and sends the payment to the seller’s shipping documents in return. With these he can collect the goods from the carrier in his country.

3. Sales contract
The sales contract is the agreement reached by the seller and the buyer (the parties to the contract). It can be made orally or in writing, although it is usual for the contract to be drawn up in writing to prevent disputes.
Sellers tend to make firm offers when trading in goods where the prices fluctuate a lot. They set a fixed price and if the buyer does not place an order within the period of time where this price is valid, the offer expires. The seller can then make another offer with new prices to keep up with the prices on the market. In this case, if the buyer is not interested in the goods, he has to return them within a certain period of time; otherwise he will have to pay for them.
After a sales contract has been concluded, the seller and the buyer have to fulfill certain liabilities (that means there are certain things they have to do). The seller’s liabilities are: to deliver goods on time and in perfect condition; to ensure that the title to the goods is transferred to the buyer – in other words the seller has to make sure that the buyer becomes owner of the goods. This is normally done by passing a special document, the document of title, to the buyer. The buyer’s liabilities are: to accept delivery of the goods; to pay for the goods within the time agreed. If one party does not fulfill its liabilities, the contract is broken. In this case the other party (the injured party) can claim compensation.

Мы были бы рады увидеть вас среди наших клиентов.3) They can use all the information.Они могут использовать всю информациюУпражнение № 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст. What is a retailer?1) The word “retail” comes from an old French word retailler – to “cut again”, and this describes exactly what a retailer does. He buys large quantities of goods from a wholesaler – whole cheeses, whole lambs, large bags of sugar and so on – “cuts” them into smaller quantities and resells them to the consumer at a profit. 2) A hundred years ago the traditional type of shops were small shops owned and run by one or two men and their families, full of lovely old cheeses, bacon and large bags of flour. The small corner shop still exists today, but it is no longer the most important type of shop. Shops have become bigger (and less personal). In the high street we now find self-service supermarkets and chain stores; away from the town centers, even many corner shops are “multiples” – that is, they belong to a large group of shops although they still have the old owner’s name over the door. Outside the town itself, there are hypermarkets with their large car-parks. They sell everything and their prices are often lower because they do not have to pay the high rents of the high street shops.Кто такой розничный торговец?1) Слово «розница» происходит от старого французского retailer, что значит – «вырезать снова», и это описывает именно то, что делает розничный торговец. Он покупает большое количество товара у оптовика - сыры, ягнята, большие мешки с сахаром и так далее - «режет» их в небольших количествах и перепродает их потребителю, чтобы получить прибыль.2) Сто лет назад традиционными магазинами были небольшие магазины, владельцами которых были один или двое мужчин и их семьи, и которые были полны прекрасных старых сыров, беконом и большими мешками муки. Небольшой магазинчик на углу до сих пор существует, но он не является самым важным видом магазина. Магазины стали больше (и менее персонифицированными). Теперь на главной улице можно найти супермаркеты с самообслуживанием и сетевые магазины; вдали от городских центров, даже многие угловые магазины «размножились» - то есть, они принадлежат большой группе магазинов, хотя имя прежнего владельца до сих висит над дверью. За пределами города есть гипермаркеты с большими автостоянками. Они продают все, и их цены зачастую ниже, потому что они не должны платить высокую арендную плату, как уличные магазины.Упражнение № 7. Выпишите из второго абзаца прилагательные, укажите три степени сравнения и переведите их. traditional (традиционный) – more traditional – the most traditionalsmall (маленький) – smaller – the smallestlovely (милый) – lovelier – the loveliestold (старый) – older/elder – the oldest/eldestlarge (крупный) – larger – the largestlong (длинный) – longer – the longestimportant (важный) – more important – the most importantbig (большой) – bigger – the biggestpersonal (личный) – more personal – the most personalhigh (высокий) – higher – the highestmany (много) – more – the mostlow (низкий) – lower – the lowestУпражнение № 8. Прочитайте первый абзац, ответьте на вопрос: What does a retailer do?A retailer buys large quantities of goods from a wholesaler, “cuts” them into smaller quantities and resells them to the consumer at a profit.1. Bills of exchangeA bill of exchange is an order from one person to another to pay a certain amount at a certain time. The money can be paid either to the person who gave the order or to a third party. Bills of exchange can be used for either domestic or foreign trade. A payment transaction made by bill of exchange generally proceeds the following way. The drawer makes out the bill of exchange and sends it to the drawee (the person who has to pay it). He may send two copies (the first and second bill of exchange) in case one gets lost. The drawee has to accept one of the bills by signing the front of it. If two copies are sent, the copy which the drawee does not sign automatically becomes invalid. A bill of exchange which hasn’t yet been accepted is called a draft; an accepted bill of exchange is called an acceptance. The drawee then sends the accepted bill of exchange to the payee, who may be the drawer or a third party. At maturity (the date on which the bill of exchange has to be paid), the payee presents the bill for payment and gets his money. The payee can also negotiate the bill of exchange, but has to endorse it first. Each bill of exchange belongs to a certain category, depending on the time at which it matures (has to be paid). A sight bill includes the words “Pay at sight”. The drawee has to pay as soon as the draft is presented (as soon as he sees it).1. ВекселиВексель – это заказ от одного человека к другому, чтобы тот заплатил определенную сумму в определенный момент. Деньги могут быть выплачены либо человеку, который сделал заказ либо третьему лицу. Вексели можно использовать для любой внутренней или внешней операции.Платежная сделка, заключенная векселем, обычно проходит следующим образом. Трассант оформляет вексель и отправляет его получателю платежа (человек, который должен оплатить его). Он может послать две копии (первый и второй переводной вексель) в случае, если один потеряется.Трассант должен принять один из векселей, подписав лицевую сторону. Если отправлено две копии, то копия, которую трассант не подписывал, автоматически становится недействительным. Вексель, который ещё не был принят, называется траттой; принятый вексель называется акцептом.Трассант затем посылает принятый вексель получателю платежа, который может быть векселедателем или третьей стороной. При наступлении срока (дата, к которой вексель должен быть оплачен), получатель предоставляет счет на оплату и получает свои деньги. Получатель может также вести продать вексель, но одолжен быть сначала одобрен.Каждый вексель имеет свою категорию, в зависимости от времени наступления срока платежа (кода должен быть оплачен). Предъявительский вексель подразумевает в себе «Оплати при предъявлении». Плательщик должен заплатить, как только тратта будет получена (как только он увидит её).2. Letter of creditA letter of credit is a promise made by the buyer’s bank to send a certain sum of money to the sellers bank to be credited to the seller provided he fulfils his part of the sales contract.The types of letter of credit are the following. A revocable letter of credit can be cancelled or changed without seller’s agreement. As this does not offer the seller much control over payment, this type of letter of credit is rarely used. An irrevocable letter of credit can be cancelled or changed, but only with the agreement of all parties. A confirmed letter of credit is always irrevocable. If the seller feels that the risk of not receiving payment is still to high, for example, because the buyer’s country’s economy is unstable, he can arrange for a bank in his own country to confirm the letter of credit. This means that the seller will receive his money from the confirming bank, regardless of whether or not his invoice is paid in the buyer’s country. First when paying letter of credit buyer and seller agree on all terms and conditions of the sales contract. The buyer fills out an application form to open a letter of credit at his bank.