Фтор/Хлор

Оглавление
Введение 3
Анализ рынка фтора 4
Анализ рынка хлора 9
Заключение 28
Список литературы 29
Приложения 30

Cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, biochemical, textile manufacturingDichloroacetic acid C2H2CL2 Solid Soluble in water, hygroscopic, combustible, corrosive Pharmaceutical industryHealthcare industry, pharmaceuticals, chemical, agricultureMonochloracetic acid CH2CLSolidHygroscopic, soluble, toxic, flammable. Thermo stabilizers for PVC, adhesives, thickening agents, surfactants, Chemical , pharmaceuticals, cosmetics1,2 Dichloroethane C2H4CL2LiquidHighly flammable, insoluble in water. Intermediate to PVCChemical industry Vynyl chloride C2H3ClGasFlammable, reactive, toxic Consumed as intermediate to PVC. Chemical industryPerchlorethylene (Tetrachloroethylene) C2CL4Liquid Insoluble in water, non-combustible Dry-cleaning agent, metal cleaning agent, chemical packaging, dyers. Dry-cleaning, textiles, Metal working industry, printing. Trichloroethylene C2HCL3LiquidNon-combustible, volatile, slightly soluble Solvent, fumigant, degreaser, pulp, intermediate to Metalworking and chemical industries, paper manufacturing PVC (Polyvinylchloride)CH2=CHCLSolidHigh chemical resistance, high impact strength, high thermal stability, high dielectric properties , non-toxicPipes, floorings, window frames, cables and wires, bottles, coatings, films, Construction, packaging, automotive, medical device manufacturing 1,2 dichloroethene C2H2CL2Liquid Highly flammable, sensitive to air, moisture and heat. Intermediate to PVDF, fat extractor, solvent for waxes and rubbers, refrigerant , silicon purifier Chemical industry , electronics, food processing Ethyl celluloseCH2CH3Solid Chemically resistant, flammable, stable to light Food additive, emulsifier, personal care, food packaging, electronics, Electronics, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food industryPropylene oxide (viachlorohydrins)C3H60 Liquid Highly flammable, soluble in water, overall stable, moisture sensitiveIntermediate to polyurethane plastics and propylene glycol, lubricants, flame retardants, surfactants Chemical industry, textile, oil drilling Allyl chloride C3H5ClLiquid InsolubleUsed as intermediate to epichlorohydrin, rubbers, chelating agents. Chemical processing, pharmaceuticals, Diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride polymerized (DADMAC)C8H16NClSolid (salt)Soluble, non-toxic, biodegradable. Absorbent, flocculant, decolarating agent, purifier, electric neutralizer Water and wastewater treatmentEpichlorhydrin С3H5ClLiquidFlammable, toxic Intermediate to epoxy resins, ion exchange resins, used in textile, papers, dyes, personal care. Chemical industry, paper manufacturing, Textile industry, Cosmetics. 1,4 DichlorobutaneC4H8Cl2LiquidHighly flammable, water insoluble, highly reactivePrecursor of synthetic fibers most commonly known as nylon, Chemical industry 1 chlorobutane C4H9ClLiquidFlammable, reacts with atmospheric moisture. Degreaser,surfactant, laundry detergent. Consumer goods, chemical industryDichlorobuteneC4H6Cl2Liquid Highly corrosive,flammable. Mainly used as precursor of chloropreneChemical industryChloropreneCH2=CCl-CH=CH2LiquidHighly flammable, slightly soluble in water, polymerizes when heated Monomer used in production of poly chloropreneChemical industryPolychloroprene C4H5ClSolidChemically resistant, highly flexible, heat resistant, high dielectric properties, high impact strength. Coatings, gaskets, sport clothing and equipment, insulators, adhesives, wires and cables.Textile, consumer electronics, sporting industry, automotive, construction industries.ChloroparaffinsC10 – C20 (various chlorine content)SolidExcellent chemical stabilityPlasticizer, flame retardant, adhesives, sealants, fluxChemical industry, metal productionSide chain aromatics (Benzyl chloride)C6H5CH2ClLiquidVolatile, highly reactive, flammable. Alkylation agent, plasticizer, perfumes, flavoring, intermediate in organic synthesis Food processing, pharmaceuticals, chemical industry Chlorobenzine C6H5ClLiquidHighly flammable, insoluble in water, stable. Solvent, pesticide, anti-bacterial agent, dyes, PPS polymers, textile. Textile manufacturing, chemical, agriculture.Amines (Chlorotoulenes)C7H7ClLiquidInsoluble in water, highly flammable. Antibiotics production, plastic stabilizer, perfumes, herbicides.Pharmaceuticals, chemical industry, agriculture. Titanium chlorideCl4TiLiquidHighly corrosive, low melting point, low boiling pointTitanium production, titanium dioxide production, used as pigment Metal production, composite materials manufacturing, aerospace industry, chemical industryPhosphorus chloride PClSolid powderHighly corrosive, incompatible with water. Pesticides, petrochemical additive, plastic stabilizer, flame retardant, semiconductors manufacturing.Petrochemical industry, chemical industry, pharmaceuticals, electronics. Sillicon tetrachloride SiCl4LiquidHighly corrosive, volatile.Solar panels, semiconductors, microprocessors, fiber optic cablesElectronics , solar energy. Hydrochloric acid HClLiquidHighly corrosive, highly reactiveBasic chlorine compound. Solvent, steel pickling agent, chlorinating agent, organic and inorganic synthesis compound. Chemical, Steel production, pharmaceutical, petrochemical, food processing, electronics. Sulfur chloridesSCLLiquidReacts violently with water, corrosive, Mainly used as chlorinating agent and solvent, vulcanizing agent, oil additive, dyes, agro chemicals. Metal production, chemical industry , agriculture. Sodium hypochloride NaCLOLiquidWater soluble, light sensitive, stable. Bleaching agent, disinfectant, discoloring agent, deodorant. Wastewater treatment, water purification, consumer goods production. Alluminum chloride AlCl3SolidReacts violently with water, highly reactive. Catalyst, coagulant, paints additive, rubber production, wood preservative. Chemical industry, metal productionn. Iron chlorideSolid Soluble in water, Printed circuit boards, etching agent, flocculants. Water treatment, electronics. Приложение 2CompoundFormulaStatePropertiesApplicationEnd-user IndustryFluorine gas (Elemental Fluorine)F2GasHighly reactive, strong oxidant. Intermediate to chemical compoundsElectrical industry, nuclear and chemical industriesTungsten hexafluorideF6WGasNon-combustible, highly corrosive, high electro conductivityChips, wafers, connectors.Electronics and semiconductors industries. Nitrogen trifluorideF3NGasInsoluble, corrosive, powerful oxidizing agentLiquid crystal displays productions, solar cells films production, silicon wafers. Electronics industryRhenium hexafluorideReF6LiquidHighly corrosiveFilms depositing, wafer etching Electronics industry Uranium hexafluorideUF6SolidHighly reactive, corrosive to metals. Nuclear reactor fuuel Nuclear industry CompoundFormulaStatePropertiesApplicationEnd-user IndustrySulfur hexafluorideSF6GasHigh dielectric strenth Dielectric mediumElectrical industrySodium fluoride NaFSolidSoluble in water, hygroscopic.Fluoridating agent, cleaning agent, insecticideHealth care, water treatment, agriculture.Hexaluorosillic acidH2SiF6LiquidCorrosive, soluble in waterIntermediate to aluminum fluoride. Aluminum productionAluminum fluorideALF3SolidHygroscopic, excellent temperature-lowering properties Used as an additive in aluminum production Alluminum production Cryolite NA3AlF6SolidExcellent optical properties, high melting point. Flux in aluminum production Allumnum production Boron trifluoride BF3GasHighly reactive, non-flammable. Alkylation catalysts, polymerization additive, flux. Chemical industry, metal production. CompoundFormulaStatePropertiesApplicationEnd-user IndustryNickel difluoride NiF2SolidHygroscopic, stable in airChemical catalyst, additive in metal production. Chemical industry, metal production. Cobalt trifluorideCoF3SolidHughly reactive, hygroscopicUsed as fluorinating agent, additive in metal alloys production. Chemical industry, metal productionLithium fluoride LiFSolidExcellent UV transmitting properties, hygroscopic.Optical equipment, lighting appliances, solvent in nuclear reactors.Electronics, Nuclear industry.Hydrogen fluoride/Hydrofluoric acidHFGas/LiquidHighly corrosive and reactive, Basic fluorinating agent, solvent, etching agent and catalyst. Chemical, ceramics, petrochemical industries, metal and glass production. Tetrafluoroethylene C2F4GasHighly flammable, polymerizes under heat, water insolubleRefrigerant, mmonomer, precursor of PTFE, FEP, ETFE,PFAChemical industry CompoundFormulaStatePropertiesApplicationEnd-user IndustryVinylidene fluoride C2H2F2GasHighly flammable, explosive when exposed to air. Precursor of PVDF, fluoroelastomersChemical industryCTFE (Chlorotrifluoroethylene)C2ClF3GasFlammable, highly reactive Refrigerant, precursor of ECTFE, PCTFEChemical industry, cryogenic industry.PPVE (Perfluoropropyl Vinyl Ethers)C5F10OGasHighly flammablePrecursor of PFA polymersChemical industryVinyl fluorideC2H3FGasLight sensitive, highly flammable. Precursor of PVF polymerChemical industryHFPOC3F6GasHighly reactive, explosive when heated. Precursor of FEP, fluoroelastomers. Chemical industryHCFC CHClF2GasLow toxicity, favorable thermodynamic properties. Refrigerant, aerosol propellant, blowing agent. Intermediate in organic synthesisAir-conditioning, chemical industries, retail.HFCCH2FCF3GasLow toxicity , volatile, favorable thermodynamic propertiesRefrigerant, blowing agent, aerosol propellant, intermediate in organic synthesisAir-conditioning, chemical industries, retail.HFO (HFO-1234yf)C3H2F4GasThermally stable, favorable thermodynamic properties. lower global warming potential. Refrigerant, blowing agent, aerosol propellant, Air conditioning, chemical industries, retail. CFCCCL2F2GasFavorable thermodynamic properties, high GWP. Refrigerant, intermediate in organic synthesis, propellants, blowing agent. Air conditioning, chemical industries, retail.PTFE/ETFEC2F4/(CH2 - CH2) - (СF2 - CF2)SolidLow friction, excellent dielectric properties, chemically resistant, resistant to heat. Sealants, tapes, adhesives, circuit boards, semiconductors, films, cables, wires/ construction panels Electronics, industrial equipment manufacturing, consumer goods automotive industry / construction PVDFC2H2F2SolidLower melting point, melt processable Insulator, lining, tubing, valves, membranes etc. Electronics, industrial equipment manufacturing, PCTFE/ECTFE CF2CClF/CH2CH2-CF(Cl)CF2SolidHigher impact strength comparing to PTFE, melt processable, lower chemical resistance and melting point. Packaging, water barriers, films, coating linings/insulation, jacketing Pharmaceuticals, , industrial equipment manufacturing, aerospace. FEP(CF2 - CF2) - (CF(CF3) - CF2)SolidProperties similar to PTFE, meltprocessable, higher flexibility Linings, tubing, coating, films, cables, wires. Chemical equipment, industrial equipment manufacturing, Fluoroelastomers(FKM )CF2-CFCl(CH2-CF2)Solid Flexible in low temperatures, melt-processable, high chemical resistance. Adhesives, gaskets, sealants, fuel systems components. Aerospace, automotive, chemical industry. PFA (CF(ORf)-CF2)-(CF2 -CF2SolidFavorable electrical properties, flame resistant, melt-processable. Tubing, cables, wires, valves, fittings, insulators. Chemical industry, Chemical equipment, industrial equipment manufacturing, PVFCH2CHF SolidLow vapor permeability, UV and weather resistant. Used as backsheet material in solar cells, flame-retardant material, adhesives. Aerospace, solar cells production. HFIP (Hexafluoroisopropanol)C3H2F6OLiquidThermally stable, transparent to UV light.Solvent in organic syntheisChemical industry, pharmaceuticals,biochemistry FluosolС10F18LiquidDissolutes oxygenBlood substitute Medical industry, pharmaceuticals, Trifluoroacetic acidCF3CO2HLiquidHighly corrosive, Reagent in organic synthesis, peptide synthesisChemical industtry