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Young people’s problems in USA

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Дата создания 2011
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Adolescents (10 to 17 years) are generally living in an unhealthy way of life. On the results of the research Institute of hygiene and protection of health of children, among students in 9-10 grades of Moscow schools the number of smoking boys in 1995 was 21,0% in 2001 - 27,%, and girls - respectively 27.0% , 31.0%. But the given numbers continue to increase, which make us do epidemic conclusions that in the recent decade there will be a rapidly increasing number of adolescent smokers, and that smoking prevalence in the population of students will be extremely high.
The point of deviant behaviour of teens will not be considered fully if not touch the issue of the factors, which have determined. Though, it is difficult to speak and absolutize the value of any single factor, here it is fair to claim that deviant behavior of teens is determined by a complex of objective and subjective factors of the psychological, biological, and what is more important - by the social factors, which strengthen the influence of all others, and sometimes even determine the complexity of reasons. It is important to understand that the determining factors are closely interrelated and interdependent.
Thus, there is a question, what is to be blamed for such frightening problems of Russian teens? Unfortunately, the scientists tell that the first key point in teens deviant behavior is the negative impact of the family. Often the development of deviant and criminal teens’ behaviour can be affected by the way of life of this teen’s parents and older members of his family who are marked by drunkenness, low cultural and educational level, asocial way of life, etc.. After all, the example of the parents is always believed to give a pattern of behavior to children to get an idea of the proper behavior, attitude to society, work, or attitude towards other people. The risk of juvenile delinquency, is proved to increase in the families where violence is approved, as well as in the families marked with aggressiveness and violence.
The next key factor is the influence of the MEDIA, which create the prerequisites for violation of the law and contribute the spread of the social impact of crime and criminal subculture in the Russian society.
Thus, we come to the conclusion that in Russia the teens’ problems are also the same – deviant behavior alongside with the use of harmful substances, but the roots and the consequences are much different.
First, in Russia the deviant teen behavior is spread over the society, teens in Russia tend to be a criminal sector due to the fact that they try to satisfy their so-called animal instincts. Whereas American teens are mostly not so aggressive and are regarded as sensitive to the physiology and phsychology and thus American teens tend to be discussed within the problems of various disorders rather that in the context of violence towards other people.
What has been the major surprise is the factor which has contributed the development of the described tendencies: family and mass media are to be blamed for observed teen deviancies whereas in the USA the fact of deviances is likely to be explained through the inner struggle of the teen with mother or himself.
Conclusion
Adolescence is proved to be a psychologically troubled period. As children are moving into adulthood and struggle to acquire and consolidate their independence, they pass through various phases that affect the psyche. Growing up, grow, and pressure from parents, friends, society and this is a huge problem for some.
Teens in America, as the research has proved, face many problems including depression, sexual pressures, bullying, financial worries, the balance of media, technology and image, as well as drugs and alcohol. Conflicting messages at home, at school and within the media result in stress and confusion. Teenage problems are stated to be are interwoven, with one generally accompanied by another in America.
As for Russian teens, their problems are much worse: public delinquency and drug addiction.
Though it is unfair to bulk all adolescents into one category and suggest they are all the same, just as it is unfair to do that with any general group. All teenagers are individuals, and the way that they had interpreted the experiences in their life in known solely by them. Adults are wrong when they look at an adolescent and assume they understand how the child feels or what is going on with them.
The ability to respond to the needs and expectations of young people is a key factor for the success of any family today and its recognition as a reliable contributor to the development of society.
Another important aspect to cope with the stated problems is developing positive relationships between young people and adults who are able to provide support, confidence, real challenges and opportunities to assist young people in trying out adult roles and acquiring skills recognized by society.
References
Гоголева А.А. Аддиктивное поведение и его профилактика / А.А. Гоголева. Москва — Воронеж: Рос. Акад. образования: Москов. психолого - социал. ин-т, 2003.
Никандров Н.Д. Россия: социализация и воспитание на рубеже столетий. – М.: Прогресс, 2000.
Ранняя профилактика девиантного поведения детей и подростков: Учеб. пособие / Под ред. А.Б. Фоминой. М.: Пед. о-во России, 2003.
Berry, J., Kwak, K. Liebkind, K., Phinney, J., Sabatier, C., Dam, D., et al.(1995) The ICSEY Questionnaire, Working document of the International Comparative Study of Ethnocultural Youth.
Buriel, R., & De Ment, T. (1997). Immigration and sociocultural changes in Mexican, Chinese, and Vietnamese families. In A. Booth, A. Crouter, & N. Landale (Eds.), Immigration and the family: Research and policy on US immigrants (pp. 165–200). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Cauce, A., Ryan, K., & Grove, K. (1998). Children and adolescents of color, Where are you? Participation, selection, recruitment, and retention in developmental research. In V. McLoyd & L. Steinberg (Eds.), Studying minority adolescents: Conceptual, methodological, and theoretical issues (pp. 147–166). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1983). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Diener, E., & Oishi, S. (2000). Money and happiness: Income and subjective wellbeing across nations. In E. Diener & E. Suh (Eds.), Culture and subjective wellbeing (pp. 185–218). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Diener, E., & Suh, E. (2000). Culture and subjective wellbeing Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Diener, E., &Diener, M. (1995). Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 653–663.
Diener, E., Diener, M., & Diener, C. (1995). Factors predicting the subjective well-being of nations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 851–864.
Diener, E., Emmons, R.A., Larsen, R.J., & Grif.n, S. (1985). The Satisfaction With Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71–75.
Dunlap, W.P., & Kemery, E.R. (1987). Failure to detect moderating effects: Is multicollinearity the problem? Psychological Bulletin, 102, 418–420.
Erikson E. Childhood and Society / E. Erikson. 2 edition. - NY.: W.W. Norton, 1963.
Feldman, S., & Quatman, T. (1988). Factors inuencing age expectations for adolescent autonomy. Journal of Early Adolescence, 8, 325–343.
Frazier Ch. Theoretical Approaches to Deviance: an Evolution / Ch. Frazier. -Columbus (Ohio), Merrilo, 1976.
Fuligni, A., Tseng, V., & Lam, M. (1999). Attitudes towards family obligations among American adolescents with Asian, Latin American, and European backgrounds. Child Development, 70, 1030–1044.
Goodnow, J. (1988). Children’s household work: Its nature and functions. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 5–26.
Green.eld, P., & Cocking, R. (1994). Cross-cultural roots of minority child development. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Jaccard, J., Turrisi, R., & Wan, C.K. (1990). Interaction effects in multiple regression Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Laursen, B., & Collins, W. (1994). Interpersonal conflict during adolescence. Psychological Bulletin, 115, 197–209.
Leung, J.-P., & Leung, K. (1992). Life satisfaction, self-concept, and relationship
Lubinski, D., & Humphreys, L.G. (1990). Assessing spurious ‘‘moderator effects ’’: Illustrated substantively with the hypothesized (‘‘synergistic’’) relation between spatial and mathematical ability. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 385–393.
Markus, H., & Lin, L. (1999). Conictways: Cultural diversity in the meanings and practices of conict. In D. Prentice & D. Miller (Eds.), Cultural divides Understanding and overcoming group con ict (pp. 302–333). New York: Russell with parents in adolescence. Journal of Youth Adolescence, 21, 653–665.
Matsuoka, J. (1990). Differential acculturation among Vietnamese refugees. Social Work, 35, 341–345.
Nguyen, N., & Williams, H. (1989). Transition from East to West: Vietnamese adolescents and their parents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 505–515.
Offer, E., Ostrow, E., & Howard, K. (1989). Adolescence: What is normal? American Journal of Diseases of Children, 143, 731–736.
The OAS Report: A Day in the Life of American Adolescents: Substance Use Facts Update. Rockville, MD.

Список литературы [ всего 28]

References
1.Гоголева А.А. Аддиктивное поведение и его профилактика / А.А. Гоголева. Москва — Воронеж: Рос. Акад. образования: Москов. психолого - социал. ин-т, 2003.
2.Никандров Н.Д. Россия: социализация и воспитание на рубеже столетий. – М.: Прогресс, 2000.
3.Ранняя профилактика девиантного поведения детей и подростков: Учеб. пособие / Под ред. А.Б. Фоминой. М.: Пед. о-во России, 2003.
4.Berry, J., Kwak, K. Liebkind, K., Phinney, J., Sabatier, C., Dam, D., et al.(1995) The ICSEY Questionnaire, Working document of the International Comparative Study of Ethnocultural Youth.
5.Buriel, R., & De Ment, T. (1997). Immigration and sociocultural changes in Mexican, Chinese, and Vietnamese families. In A. Booth, A. Crouter, & N. Landale (Eds.), Immigration and the family: Research and policy on US immigrants (pp. 165–200). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
6.Cauce, A., Ryan, K., & Grove, K. (1998). Children and adolescents of color, Where are you? Participation, selection, recruitment, and retention in developmental research. In V. McLoyd & L. Steinberg (Eds.), Studying minority adolescents: Conceptual, methodological, and theoretical issues (pp. 147–166). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
7.Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1983). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
8.Diener, E., & Oishi, S. (2000). Money and happiness: Income and subjective wellbeing across nations. In E. Diener & E. Suh (Eds.), Culture and subjective wellbeing (pp. 185–218). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
9.Diener, E., & Suh, E. (2000). Culture and subjective wellbeing Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
10.Diener, E., &Diener, M. (1995). Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 653–663.
11.Diener, E., Diener, M., & Diener, C. (1995). Factors predicting the subjective well-being of nations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 851–864.
12.Diener, E., Emmons, R.A., Larsen, R.J., & Grif.n, S. (1985). The Satisfaction With Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71–75.
13.Dunlap, W.P., & Kemery, E.R. (1987). Failure to detect moderating effects: Is multicollinearity the problem? Psychological Bulletin, 102, 418–420.
14.Erikson E. Childhood and Society / E. Erikson. 2 edition. - NY.: W.W. Norton, 1963.
15.Feldman, S., & Quatman, T. (1988). Factors in?uencing age expectations for adolescent autonomy. Journal of Early Adolescence, 8, 325–343.
16.Frazier Ch. Theoretical Approaches to Deviance: an Evolution / Ch. Frazier. -Columbus (Ohio), Merrilo, 1976.
17.Fuligni, A., Tseng, V., & Lam, M. (1999). Attitudes towards family obligations among American adolescents with Asian, Latin American, and European backgrounds. Child Development, 70, 1030–1044.
18.Goodnow, J. (1988). Children’s household work: Its nature and functions. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 5–26.
19.Green.eld, P., & Cocking, R. (1994). Cross-cultural roots of minority child development. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
20.Jaccard, J., Turrisi, R., & Wan, C.K. (1990). Interaction effects in multiple regression Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
21.Laursen, B., & Collins, W. (1994). Interpersonal conflict during adolescence. Psychological Bulletin, 115, 197–209.
22.Leung, J.-P., & Leung, K. (1992). Life satisfaction, self-concept, and relationship
23.Lubinski, D., & Humphreys, L.G. (1990). Assessing spurious ‘‘moderator effects ’’: Illustrated substantively with the hypothesized (‘‘synergistic’’) relation between spatial and mathematical ability. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 385–393.
24.Markus, H., & Lin, L. (1999). Con?ictways: Cultural diversity in the meanings and practices of con?ict. In D. Prentice & D. Miller (Eds.), Cultural divides Understanding and overcoming group con? ict (pp. 302–333). New York: Russell with parents in adolescence. Journal of Youth Adolescence, 21, 653–665.
25.Matsuoka, J. (1990). Differential acculturation among Vietnamese refugees. Social Work, 35, 341–345.
26.Nguyen, N., & Williams, H. (1989). Transition from East to West: Vietnamese adolescents and their parents. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 505–515.
27.Offer, E., Ostrow, E., & Howard, K. (1989). Adolescence: What is normal? American Journal of Diseases of Children, 143, 731–736.
28.The OAS Report: A Day in the Life of American Adolescents: Substance Use Facts Update. Rockville, MD.
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